Application of Ampere’s circuit law-infinite sheet of current

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consider an infinite sheet in the z=0 plane, which has uniform current density $\overrightarrow{k} = k_{y}\overrightarrow{a_{y}}$ A/m .

Let us suppose the current is flowing in the positive y direction.

the sheet of current is assumed to be in rectangular co-ordinate system

$\overrightarrow{H} = H_{x}\overrightarrow{a_{x}}+H_{y}\overrightarrow{a_{y}}+H_{z}\overrightarrow{a_{z}}$

Let us suppose the conductor is carrying a current I , by right hand thumb rule magnetic field is produced around the conductor is right angles to the direction of I.

In this case of infinite sheet , the current is in the y-direction there is no component of H along the direction of y and also the z components cancel each other because of opposite direction of the fields produced so only x components of H exists.

$\overrightarrow{H} = \left\{\begin{matrix} H_{o}\ \overrightarrow {a_{x}} \ for \ z>0\\ -H_{o}\ \overrightarrow {a_{x}} \ for \ z<0 \end{matrix}\right.$

from Ampere’s Circuit law $\oint \overrightarrow{H}. \overrightarrow{dl} = \int \left (\overrightarrow{H}_{1-2}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{1-2} +\overrightarrow{H}_{2-3}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{2-3}+\overrightarrow{H}_{3-4}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{3-4}+\overrightarrow{H}_{4-1}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{4-1} \right )$ .

the component $\oint \overrightarrow{H}. \overrightarrow{dl} = \int \left (\overrightarrow{H}_{1-2}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{1-2} +\overrightarrow{H}_{2-3}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{2-3}+\overrightarrow{H}_{3-4}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{3-4}+\overrightarrow{H}_{4-1}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{4-1} \right )$

$\overrightarrow{H}_{1-2}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{1-2}= \overrightarrow{H}_{1-0}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{1-0}+\overrightarrow{H}_{0-2}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{0-2}$

$\overrightarrow{H}_{1-2}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{1-2}= H_{o} \overrightarrow{a_{x}}.(\frac{a}{2})(-\overrightarrow{a_{z}})- H_{o} \overrightarrow{a_{x}}.(\frac{a}{2})(-\overrightarrow{a_{z}})$ .

$\overrightarrow{H}_{1-2}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{1-2}=0$ .

similarly $\overrightarrow{H}_{3-4}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{3-4} =0$ .

$\therefore \oint \overrightarrow{H}. \overrightarrow{dl} = \int \left (\overrightarrow{H}_{2-3}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{2-3}+\overrightarrow{H}_{4-1}. \overrightarrow{dl}_{4-1} \right)$ .

$\oint \overrightarrow{H}. \overrightarrow{dl} = -(H_{o}\ \overrightarrow{a_{x}}).(b \ -\overrightarrow{a_{x}})+(H_{o}\ \overrightarrow{a_{x}}).(b \ \overrightarrow{a_{x}})$ .

$\oint \overrightarrow{H}. \overrightarrow{dl} = 2H_{o}\ b$ .

$I= 2H_{o} \ b$ .

$k_{y}\ b = 2H_{o} \ b$ .

$H_{o} =\frac{1}{2} k_{y}$ .

as $\overrightarrow{H} = \left\{\begin{matrix} H_{o}\ \overrightarrow {a_{x}} \ for \ z>0 \\ -H_{o}\ \overrightarrow {a_{x}} \ for \ z<0 \end{matrix}\right.$

this will be changed to $\overrightarrow{H} = \left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{1}{2} k_{y}\ \overrightarrow {a_{x}} \ for \ z>0 \\ -\frac{1}{2} k_{y}\ \overrightarrow {a_{x}} \ for \ z<0 \end{matrix}\right.$

In general for a finite sheet of current density $\overrightarrow{k}$ A/m Magnetic field is generalised as $\overrightarrow{H} = \frac{1}{2} (\overrightarrow{k} X \overrightarrow{a_{n}})$ .